Athenian Acropolis (Athens, Greece)
Acropolis (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece)
Attikē (Greece)
Greece--History--Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C.
Age of Pericles
Pericles, 495-429 B.C.
Temples, Greek--Greece
Ancient Greek religion
This photograph shows the western side of the Athenian Acropolis. While originally a Mycenaean citadel in the Bronze Age, the Acropolis became the chief religious sanctuary during the Classical Period. After most of the religious sanctuaries were destroyed by the Persian emperor, Xerxes, in 480 BCE, the great Athenian Statesman, Pericles, embarked on an ambitious building campaign to illustrate Athens' dominance in the Greek world after the expulsion of the Persians in 479 BCE. This Periclean Age witnessed a rebirth for the Acropolis as a sanctuary for the Athenian world.
Proctor, Christopher
08-June-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
Greece--History--Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C.
Propylaea: Dining Room (Athens, Greece)
Propylaea (Acropolis, Athens, Greece)
Acropolis (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece)
Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece
Greece--History--Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C.
Age of Pericles
Pericles, 495-429 B.C.
This photograph depicts the north-side dining hall of the Propylaea, the massive entrance gate standing on the western side of the Athenian Acropolis. Built by the great Athenian statesman, Pericles, as part of his massive building projects during the height of Athenian navel supremacy in the Greek world, construction lasted five years from 437 BCE to 432 BCE.
Proctor, Christopher
29-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
Greece--History--Athenian supremacy, 479-431 B.C.
Athenian Agora (Athens, Greece)
Agora (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece)
Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece
This photograph depicts the heart of ancient Athenian political, commercial, and public life: the Agora. The Agora not only housed all of the major structures needed for the democracy to run effectively, but consisted of a vast marketplace where goods would be brought into the city and sold to its citizens. In sum, the Agora constituted the heart of daily Athenian public life. In the distance, one can see the Hephaisteion, the Temple of Hephaestus, hovering just above the Agora.
Proctor, Christopher
30-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece (480 BCE - 323 BCE)
Altar of the Twelve Olympian Gods (Athens, Greece)
Gods, Greek
Temples, Greek--Greece
Ancient Greek religion
Agora (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece)
Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece
This photograph depicts what remains of the area known as the Sanctuary of the Twelve Olympian Gods. Located in the Athenian Agora, this sacred space contained a temple dedicated to the chief members of the Greek Pantheon: Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Athena, Ares, Hephaestus, Dionysus, Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, and Aphrodite. The sanctuary was originally built by the Tyrant of Athens, Pisistratus, in 521 BCE, and it was from this point that all distances from the city of Athens were measured. It was, in effect, the heart of the Athenian city-state.
Proctor, Christopher
30-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece (480 BCE - 323 BCE)
Altar of Zeus Agoraios (Athens, Greece)
Altar of Zeus Agoraios (Athens, Greece)
Zeus (Greek deity)
Temples, Greek--Greece
Ancient Greek religion
Agora (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece
Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece
This photograph depicts the massive 15 x 30 foot base of an altar that was dedicated to Zeus as protector of commercial and political activities (Agoraios). As the epicenter of such activities, the altar was erected in the Athenian agora after the expulsions of the Persians in 479 BCE.
Proctor, Christopher
30-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece (480 BCE - 323 BCE)
Athenian State Prison (Athens, Greece)
Agora (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece
Attikē (Greece)
Socrates, 469-399 B.C.
This photograph depicts the ruins of the Athenian State Prison. Located just south of the agora, and built in 450 BCE, this building housed the most famous of all Classical philosophers, Socrates, and was the location of his suicide by the ingestion of hemlock in 399 BCE.
Proctor, Christopher
30-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
450 BCE - 399 BCE
Stoa of Attalos (Athens, Greece)
Stoa of Attalos (Athens, Greece)
Agora (Athens, Greece)
Athens (Greece)
Attikē (Greece)
Attalus II, King of Pergamum, 220 B.C.-130 B.C.
Rebuilt in the twentieth-century by the American School of Classical Studies, this photograph depicts the Stoa of Attalos. A stoa was a portico-ed building used for various legal, professional, and personal functions, and this particular stoa was given to the Athenians circa 150 BCE as a gift from the king of Pergamon, Attalos II Philadelphus, in recognition of the education he received while studying in Athens. It was later destroyed in 267 CE when German invaders began raid the Greek mainland.
Proctor, Christopher
30-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
150 BCE - 267 CE
Treasury of the Athenians (Delphi, Greece)
Treasury of the Athenians (Delphi)
Delphoi (Greece)
Attikē (Greece)
Classical Greece
Marathon, Battle of, Greece, 490 B.C
This photograph depicts the reconstructed Treasury of the Athenians. Located on the Sacred Way leading up to the Temple of Apollo, this treasury was built to house the offerings dedicated to the god on behalf of the Athenian state. More specifically, this particular building was constructed in thanksgiving for Apollo's help during the infamous Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE; a battle that witnessed the defeat of the Persian forces lead by Darius at the hands of the Athenians. This traditional Doric structure contains many metopes depicting events in the lives of Athens' two greatest legendary heroes: Theseus and Hercules.
Proctor, Christopher
26-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
490 BCE - 390 CE
Altar of Apollo (Delphi, Greece)
Temple of Apollo (Delphi)
Apollo (Greek deity)
Ancient Greek religion
Temples, Greek--Greece
Attikē (Greece)
Delphoi (Greece)
Classical Greece
Dedicated by the Greeks of Chios late in the fourth century BCE, this massive marble altar would have been the focal point of the great temple complex dedicated to the god of the sun, medicine, music, and prophesy, Apollo. Located just outside of the eastern entrance of the temple, priests of Apollo would offer sacrifices to the god on this spot. For their generosity, the people of Chios were allowed to have primacy of order over all other pilgrims wanting to ask advice from Apollo's oracle, and this privilege is marked by an inscription on the southern base of the altar's edifice.
Proctor, Christopher
26-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
330 BCE - 390 CE
Temple of Apollo: Eastern Columns from Northern View (Delphi, Greece)
Temple of Apollo (Delphi)
Apollo (Grek deity)
Ancient Greek religion
Temples, Greek--Greece
Attikē (Greece)
Delphoi (Greece)
Classical Greece
This photograph depicts the eastern columns on the front-side of the temple dedicated to the god of the sun, medicine, music, and prophesy, Apollo. It was in this famous shrine that the god's oracle - or, Pythia - would deliver Apollo's messages to those seeking his council, and it was above these columns where two of the most famous Greek maxims were inscribed: "know thyself" and "all things in measure." Located on Mount Parnassos, these ruins are part of the third great temple to occupy this site, and it lasted from 330 BCE to 390 CE, when it was destroyed by the orders of the new Christian emperor, Theodosius I. The Temple of Apollo was one of the few "panhellenic" shrines in the ancient world, and as such, belonged to all Greek peoples.
Proctor, Christopher
26-May-2007
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Attikē (Greece)
330 BCE - 390 CE